States With Legal Online Sports Betting & Gambling

Legal online gambling is growing in the United States, with the options available varying state by state. This makes it challenging to know exactly what states have online gambling, what states allow online sports gambling only, and which states don’t have a legalized gambling industry online at all. On this page, you will find details of legal online gambling states and what betting activities they allow.

Apart from federal gambling laws, which all US states must abide by, each state has its own specific laws regarding what forms of retail, online, and mobile wagering, if any, can legally operate within that state. Although gambling, in general, including casino gaming and sports betting, has become much more mainstream in recent years, leading to many states making such betting legal, widespread differences from state to state still exist.

For example, only five states – New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Michigan, West Virginia, and (most recently) Connecticut – offer all of the following:

• Retail casinos
• Online casinos
• Mobile casinos
• Retail sports betting
• Online sports betting
• Mobile sports betting
• Online lotteries
• Daily Fantasy Sports (DFS)

Surprisingly, Nevada, where land-based casinos and sportsbooks both operated legally long before they did in any other state, still has no legal online or mobile casinos and no lottery. DFS is also illegal in Nevada.

Other states offer online casino games but not online sports gambling or vice versa. However, Hawaii is the only state where all forms of gambling, including DFS, remain completely illegal. Utah allows DFS, but all other forms of gambling are completely illegal. So, what do Hawaii and Utah residents who want to bet legally on sports or casino games do? They go to Las Vegas! And Nevada residents who want to enter DFS contests can cross the state line and play in Utah!

A similar scenario occurred during the time when legal sports betting was available in New Jersey but not in New York. Many New Yorkers took a short drive to New Jersey to be able to bet by phone. However, on Jan. 8, 2022, mobile wagering on sports became legal in New York, so traveling across state lines to place a bet was no longer necessary.

Gambling Activities and Legal Updates in the USA

The following table lists each state in alphabetical order, as well as Washington, D.C. It includes the most up-to-date information available (as of this writing) on what types of legalized gambling are currently available to people in that state who are at least the minimum age to gamble (usually 21). However, keep in mind that this information is subject to change as more and more states enact new legislation making gambling legal in ways that were previously prohibited.

US Online Gambling States List

Our table contains all the latest information on the legality of sports betting in the USA. As soon as we have any more information regarding legalization of sports betting in any new states, we update our table.

Important state and federal gambling laws – past and present

Today, not only horse racing and land-based and online casinos but also sports betting, the lottery, and DFS are legal in much of the United States. But for many years, that was not the case. Nevada held a virtual monopoly on legal gambling in this country.

Three important federal laws significantly impacted the extent to which most forms of gambling could operate legally:

• The Wire Act of 1961
• The Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act (UIGEA) introduced in 2006
• The Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act of 1992 (PASPA)

The Wire Act and UIGEA still exist. PASPA was overturned by the Supreme Court in May 2018.

Wire Act 1961

The Wire Act prohibits the use of “wire communications” across state lines to place bets. Its primary intent was to try to prevent Mafia-controlled illegal sports betting. Initially, since the law predated the Internet, for all intents and purposes, the Wire Act only pertained to illegal sports betting via phone operations. While the language was open to interpretation as to whether the federal ban also covered gambling other than sports betting, for many years it was a moot issue because online gambling did not yet exist. The only way to engage in such activities as betting on horse races or casino games, or playing the lottery was in person. However, once the use of the internet became available, the applicability of the Wire Act to other forms of gambling was revisited.

In 2011, the Department of Justice ruled that the Wire Act only prohibits sports betting across state lines, not other types of gambling. This decision not only opened the door for online state lotteries to operate but, in November 2013, for Delaware and New Jersey to become the first US states outside of Nevada to launch legal state-run online casinos.

Thereafter, despite the lobbying by certain groups to make the Wire Act apply to all forms of gambling, not just sports betting, the federal law, as it stands today, is interpreted as being sports betting-specific. Nevertheless, in those states where other forms of internet and mobile betting such as the lottery and casino games are legal, the operators don’t take chances and use geolocation software to ensure that the bettor is within state lines. The one exception is online poker, which allows multi-state agreements to combine player pools to increase business.

UIEGA 2006

This federal law targets offshore betting sites that accept sports bets from American customers by prohibiting banks from processing the associated financial transactions to and from these operators. As long as you limit your activity to state-licensed, legal sportsbooks, the UIEGA won’t affect you.

PASPA 1992

The biggest obstacle of all to legalizing sports betting in the United States was not the Wire Act or UIEGA but PASPA. For a quarter of a century (from 1992 to May 2018) PASPA made all forms of sports betting – even retail sports betting – completely illegal in this country except in four states – Nevada, Delaware, Oregon, and Montana. Already existing sports betting laws in those states exempted them from the federal ban on sports betting imposed by PASPA. However, except for Nevada, only very limited sports betting was permitted. Nevada was the only state that offered full-scale legal sports betting, including single-game sports betting.

PASPA repealed 2018

New Jersey spearheaded a prolonged court battle attempting to get PASPA overturned. However, the lower courts did not rule in the state’s favor, and it was not until the case reached the US Supreme Court that the desired outcome was attained. On May 14, 2018, the Supreme Court declared PASPA unconstitutional and gave each individual state the power to decide if it wanted to legalize sports betting in that state and, if so, under what terms and conditions.

A month later, New Jersey opened its first two retail sportsbooks, and on August 6, 2018, DraftKings opened the state’s first online sportsbook. Today, New Jersey is home to 11 retail sportsbooks (nine at Atlantic City casinos and two at New Jersey horse racing tracks) and over 30 online/mobile sportsbooks. Other states that were interested in making sports betting legal in their state or improving what they have already implemented look to New Jersey as a model.

State Laws 2018-

Each state also has its own laws specifically relating to gambling in that state. Besides filling the gaps that the federal gambling laws don’t cover, each state has considerable leeway in deciding what forms of gambling to allow or not allow and how they will be regulated. No state can adopt gambling policies that violate federal laws, but within that broad framework, the laws and policies with regard to gambling differ widely between one state and another.

In other words, the legality or illegality of different types of gambling like daily fantasy sports, horse racing, lotteries, commercial casinos, tribal casinos, retail sports betting, and different forms of internet gambling and statewide mobile betting is at each state’s discretion. Some states are very liberal in their gambling laws, while others are middle-of-the-road, and a few are very restrictive.

States with legalized sports betting

Five years have passed since PASPA was repealed. However, whether or not and to what extent sports betting is legal in your state varies. Some states were very quick to enact the necessary sports betting legislation and offer not only retail sports betting options but also online and mobile betting, while others are taking their time. Working out all of the details, including how to regulate sports betting, is a complicated, multi-faceted process. Therefore, understandably some states wanted to see which approaches were working best elsewhere rather than make a hasty decision to legalize sports betting.

However, the same kind of model that works for sports betting in one state might be less appropriate for another state. For example, it would make more sense to offer multiple sportsbooks in large, heavily populated cities and towns than in regions that are mostly rural or farmland or comprised of retirement communities. Another important factor is the prevailing attitude toward gambling in general among the people who live there. And the availability of other forms of legalized gambling in that state such as casinos and racetracks would certainly make introducing sports betting much easier.

Also, keep in mind that legislators in any given state might be a mixed group, some of whom have liberal views and others have conservative views. If there is a lot of disagreement among them, that can stall the process of finalizing a viable sports betting bill and getting it to pass.

At this time, 32 states and Washington, D.C. all offer legal sports betting, while various others are expected to do so shortly. However, as more and more states jump on the sports betting bandwagon, this list is subject to change. Meanwhile, a few states remain where it would be highly unrealistic to expect any sports betting legislation to be introduced anytime in the foreseeable future.

States where legal online and mobile sports betting are currently available

As the preceding table shows, 25 of the 33 locations in the US where legal sportsbooks are currently up and running offer both online and mobile options for sports betting as a convenient alternative to retail sports betting. The 25 locations are as follows:

1. Arizona
2. Arkansas
3. Colorado
4. Connecticut
5. Illinois
6. Indiana
7. Iowa
8. Kansas
9. Kentucky
10. Louisiana
11. Michigan
12. Nevada
13. New Hampshire
14. New Jersey
15. New York
16. North Carolina
17. Oregon
18. Ohio
19. Pennsylvania
20. Rhode Island
21. Tennessee
22. Virginia
23. West Virginia
24. Wyoming
25. Washington D.C.

Keep in mind, however, that while many of these states offer numerous online and mobile sports betting options, others like New Hampshire, Oregon, Rhode Island, and Arkansas offer only one or a few.

However, in states with American Indian casinos but only limited legal sports betting availability, tribal casino operators are trying to initiate new sports betting compacts that will attract more online sportsbooks, including sports betting giants like DraftKings and FanDuel.

Tennessee is the only state that offers online and mobile sports betting exclusively. Since Tennessee has no casinos, no retail sports betting is available in that state.

States where legalized sports betting is limited to retail sportsbooks only

As mentioned, state laws pertaining to legal sports wagering vary, and one of the important decisions that each state must make individually is whether or not to offer legal online gambling. The gambling laws in 11 of the aforementioned states where legal sports betting is currently an option are very specific about making sports betting legal only in select designated locations such as licensed commercial casinos or tribal casinos. In other words, in these states, only in-person sports betting is allowed, and sports betting online remains illegal. The 10 states that currently fall into this category are as follows:

1. Delaware
2. Maryland
3. Mississippi
4. Montana
5. New Mexico
6. North Dakota
7. South Dakota
8. Washington
9. Wisconsin

In six of these states, mobile sports betting is also prohibited. However, bettors in Mississippi, Montana, Washington, and Wisconsin are allowed to place sports bets by phone while on the premises of one of the state’s land-based casino sportsbooks.

Except for Maryland, which is actively moving toward enacting new legislation to permit online sports betting, none of these states seem to be making it a priority to expand the legal sports betting options beyond what they already are. So, it would be unrealistic to expect their current policies to change anytime soon.

States moving towards offering legalized online sports gambling

There are three more states where sports betting is already legal, but no state-licensed and regulated sportsbooks have launched as yet.

Gov. Phil Scott signed H.127 in June 2023, which will legalize sports betting in Vermont. It will not be long before betting sites and mobile apps will become operational in the state, and bettors can start making their wagers.

Meanwhile, Gov. DeWine of Ohio signed the Ohio sports betting bill into law last December, but legislators only finalized the details by the end of 2022. The launch date in Ohio for retail, online, and mobile sports betting was January 1, 2023.

However, these are, by no means, the only states where the addition of online and mobile gambling, including sports betting, is a strong possibility, if not this year, next year. Likely candidates might especially include states that border on others that already have these options. One goal would be to keep the government’s share of the revenue generated by that state’s sports bettors within that state instead of going entirely to the other state. Bettors would be pleased, too, because they would no longer have to make the trip across state lines to use the sportsbook’s mobile app.

States that might start offering legal online sports betting in the next year or two

The following states should probably be considered longshots to beat the three above-mentioned front-runners to the punch, but they are still far from dead in the water to legalize sports betting in 2024 or 2025. Nebraska has already approved sports betting but is waiting on additional regulatory action, while the other states on the list are considering or have expressed an interest in considering new legislation to get the ball rolling. The states that online gaming and sports betting experts believe fit this category include:

• Alabama
• California (Prop 27 filed by FanDuel and DraftKings to legalize CA betting)
• Florida
• Georgia
• Massachusetts
• Minnesota
• Missouri
• Nebraska
• Oklahoma
• South Carolina
• Texas
• Vermont

States unlikely to ever legalize online gambling

On the other hand, a few states are unlikely to ever legalize online gambling. Those states include the following:

• Alaska
• Idaho
• Hawaii
• Utah